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Original jurisdiction is the right of a court to hear a case for the first time. It can be distinguished from appellate jurisdiction which is the right of a court to review a case that has already been heard and decided upon by a lower court.
Original jurisdiction exists when courts have authority to hear a case for the first time (trial courts). Appellate jurisdiction exists with courts of appeals, or reviewing courts; generally, appellate courts do not have original jurisdiction. You just studied 42 terms!
Definition. A court’s power to hear and decide a case before any appellate review. A trial court must necessarily have original jurisdiction over the types of cases it hears.
Cases are heard for the first time in a trial court. Cases only affect the people involved with the case. The two sides present evidence and witnesses, and either a judge or a jury makes a decision based on the evidence presented.
Courts and Caseloads
State courts handle by far the larger number of cases, and have more contact with the public than federal courts do. Although the federal courts hear far fewer cases than the state courts, the cases they do hear tend more often to be of national importance.
Article III, Section II of the Constitution establishes the jurisdiction (legal ability to hear a case) of the Supreme Court. The Court has original jurisdiction (a case is tried before the Court) over certain cases, e.g., suits between two or more states and/or cases involving ambassadors and other public ministers.
Exclusive jurisdiction is when cases can only be heard in federal courts and concurrent jurisdiction is when cases can be heard in both federal and State courts.
Jurisdiction is defined as the power or authority to decide legal cases. An example of jurisdiction is a court having control over legal decisions made about a certain group of towns.
Introduction: Jurisdiction means and includes any authority conferred by the law upon the court, tribunal or judge to decide or adjudicate any dispute between the parties or pass judgment or order.
jurisdiction. n. the authority given by law to a court to try cases and rule on legal matters within a particular geographic area and/or over certain types of legal cases.
– Three types of jurisdiction are 1) subject matter jurisdiction. 2) geographic jurisdiction. 3) hierarchical Jurisdiction. You just studied 18 terms!
Types of ‘Jurisdiction of a Court’ in India. Jurisdiction classified into three categories, viz., (1) jurisdiction over the subject-matter; (2) territorial jurisdiction; and (3) pecuniary jurisdiction.
Trial Courts
Superior Courts handle: All criminal cases (felonies, misdemeanors, and traffic tickets) All civil cases (family law, probate, juvenile, and other civil cases) Appeals of small claims cases and other civil cases worth $25,000 or less.
Trial Court. Courts that determine the facts and apply the law to the facts. Also called Courts of Original Jurisdiction.
Courts of last resort, usually the state’s supreme court, generally hear final appeals in civil and criminal matters. They may have jurisdiction in capital cases, administrative agency decisions, lawyer and judicial disciplinary cases, and juvenile and interlocutory matters.
Courts of general jurisdiction are granted authority to hear and decide all issues that are brought before them. These are courts that normally hear all major civil or criminal cases. These courts are known by a variety of names, such as: Superior Courts.
Cases that State Courts Handle
Most criminal cases are heard in state court because most crimes are violations of state or local law. In addition to criminal cases, state courts also handle: Family law cases including divorce and custody. Estate cases.
The term “jurisdiction” refers to a court’s power to hear a case. The circumstances of an alleged crime determine which court is empowered to hear it—for example, a federal or state court.
jurisdiction – (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. Some issues can be heard in both state and federal courts.
Exclusive jurisdiction refers to power of a court to adjudicate a case to the exclusion of all other courts. … For example, the U.S. district courts have exclusive jurisdiction on bankruptcy matters [28 USCS § 1334].
Trial courts can be of both general jurisdiction and limited jurisdiction. A trial court of general jurisdiction may hear any civil or criminal case that is not already exclusively within the jurisdiction of another court.
original jurisdiction. the power of a court to hear a case first, before any other court. appellate jurisdiction. the authority of a court to review decisions of inferior (lower) courts.
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